Word-aligned text for review or study.
Each word-block has the following lines:
- the Quenya word in tengwar
- the Quenya word in romanized/latinized transcription
- the lexical annotation, if any
- the matched inflection rule that produced the form
- the lemma for the form (link to its paradigm page)
- the translation of the form, from the lemma gloss
If the form is ambiguous, some lines will be missing or show
different information. Special values for the translation are:
- * = lemma not unique
- + = lemma unique, but multiple rules match
- ? = the lexical annotation leaves no match
Hovering over a word block will given the full explanation of the rule-tag listed in the block for brevity. Clicking on a Quenya word in the text, or a word block (other than on the lemma link), will blink the corresponding text word and/or word block.
1.0
Marco mernë fara i urco, mal amilya váquentë sa, þoryaila i qualtauva se.
Marco wanted to hunt the orc, but his mother forbade it, fearing he would be killed.
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
mernë
verb-past-sing
mer- (vt.)
(one) hoped
fara
(v)+verb-bare
verb-bare
= (vt.)
to hunt
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urco
.1
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an orc
mal
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
but
amilya
poss-s3-nom-sing
amil (n.)
his/her/its mother
váquentë
.1
verb-past-sing
vá·quet- (vt.)
(one) forbade
sa
(cj).0
base
= (cj.)
it (inanimate)
þoryaila
.1+act-adj-spos
act-adj-spos
þorya-/þory- (vt.)
feeling fear
i
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
that
qualtauva
.0
verb-futu-sing
qualta- (vt.)
(one) will kill
se
(pn).0
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
he
2.0
Neä undómessë, Marco lenwentë colila i pelecco.
One night, Marco went out with the ax.
neä
base
= (av.)
once
undómessë
.0
noun-loc-sing
undómë (n.)
at a twilight
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
lenwentë
.2
verb-past-sing
lenweta-/lenwet- (vi.)
(one) left one’s abode
colila
.1+act-adj-spos
act-adj-spos
col- (vt.)
carrying
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
pelecco
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an axe
3.0
Amilya maquentë: <Manna ménatyë?>
His mother asked, where are you going?
amilya
poss-s3-nom-sing
amil (n.)
his/her/its mother
maquentë
.0
verb-past-sing
ma·quet- (vt.)
(one) asked
manna
(av)
base
= (av.)
whither
ménatyë
men.0
verb-pres-s2t-long
men- (vi.)
you (pal) are going
4.0
Hye quentë: <Ménan mina taurë, hahyariën tuo.>
He said: “I am going into the forest, to chop wood.”
hye
.0
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
other person
quentë
.0
verb-past-sing
quet- (vt.)
(one) said
ménan
(v)men.0
verb-pres-s1-short
men- (vi.)
I am going
mina
(pp).0
base
= (pp.)
into
taurë
(n).0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a forest
hahyariën
ger-noun-dat-sing
hahyar- (vt.)
for chopping
tuo
(n)toa
noun-gen-sing
töa (n.)
of wood (as material)
5.0
Mennes pelmanna taureo, ar untumpes insë lasselínen ar loxonen.
He went into the edge of the forest, and covered himself in leaves and mud.
mennes
men.0
verb-past-s3-short
men- (vi.)
he/she/it went
pelmanna
.2
noun-all-sing
pelma (n.)
to an edge
taureo
(n).0
noun-gen-sing
taurë (n.)
of a forest
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
untumpes
verb-past-s3-short
un·tup- (vt.)
he/she/it covered (over or up)
insë
.0
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
himself
lasselínen
noun-ins-part
lassë (n.)
with some leaves
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
loxonen
noun-ins-sing
loxo (n.)
with mud
6.0
Tá laranyes tenna hlasses hlón.
Then he waited until he heard noise.
tá
(av)
base
= (av.)
then
laranyes
verb-past-s3-short
larya-/lary- (vi.)
he/she/it waited
tenna
(pp).0
base
= (pp.)
until
hlasses
verb-past-s3-short
hlar- (vt.)
he/she/it heard
hlón
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a noise
7.0
Nánes i urco pataila i tauressë, colila per-matina yaxë.
It was the orc, walking in the woods, with a half-eaten cow.
nánes
+verb-past-s3-short
verb-past-s3-short
ná- (vt.)
he/she/it was
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urco
.1
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an orc
pataila
+act-adj-spos
act-adj-spos
pata- (vt.)
walking
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
tauressë
.1
noun-loc-sing
taurë (n.)
at a (great) wood
colila
.1+act-adj-spos
act-adj-spos
col- (vt.)
carrying
per-matina
(aj)+adj-spos
?
yaxë
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a cow
8.0
Marco hilyanë quilda i urco estoliëryanna, ya ara halla ondo.
Marco followed the orc silently to his camp, which was near a tall rock.
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
hilyanë
verb-past-sing
hilya- (vt.)
(one) followed
quilda
(aj).0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
quiet
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urco
.1
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an orc
estoliëryanna
poss-s3-all-sing
estolië (n.)
to his/her/its camp
ya
.0
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
which
ara
(pp).1
base
= (pp.)
next (to)
halla
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
tall
ondo
ondo.1+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a (large mass of) rock
9.0
Yá i urco aháruyë, Marco hantë i pelecco, ta cainë hunenna.
When the orc sat down, Marco threw the ax, and lay on the ground.
yá
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
when
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urco
.1
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an orc
aháruyë
.0
verb-perf-sing
haru- (vi.)
(one) has sat down
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
hantë
:1.2
verb-past-sing
hat-¹ (vt.)
(one) threw
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
pelecco
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an axe
ta
(cj).1
base
= (cj.)
then
cainë
(v)
verb-past-sing
caita-¹/cait- (vi.)
(one) lay (down)
hunenna
.1
noun-all-sing
hún/hun- (n.)
to a ground
10.0
I pelecco aucirnë i urquo talallo pirë min.
The ax chopped off one of the orc's toes.
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
pelecco
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an axe
aucirnë
verb-past-sing
au·cir- (vt.)
(one) cut off (and get rid…)
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urquo
.1
+
talallo
taal
noun-abl-sing
tál/tal- (n.)
from a foot
pirë
(n)
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a toe
min
(cd)
base
= (cd.)
one
11.0
I urco rúþeávë rávë ar ostirnë, mal únes cenë hye.
The orc roared in anger and looked around, but he did not see him.
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urco
.1
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an orc
rúþeávë
adj-advb
rúþeä (aj.)
wrathfully
rávë
(v)rav
verb-past-sing
rav- (vi.)
(one) roared
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
ostirnë
verb-past-sing
os·tir- (vi.)
(one) looked around
mal
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
but
únes
.1
verb-past-s3-short
ui- (vt.)
he/she/it did not
cenë
.0+verb-bare
verb-bare
cen- (vt.)
to see
hye
.0
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
other person
12.0
I lassi ar loxo pá Marco nurtaner se hunessë taureo.
The leaves and mud on Marco hid him on the forest floor.
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
lassi
noun-nom-plur
lassë (n.)
leaves
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
loxo
(n)+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
mud
pá
.1
base
= (pp.)
against
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
nurtaner
verb-past-plur
nurta- (vt.)
(they) hid
se
(pn).0
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
he
hunessë
.1
noun-loc-sing
hún/hun- (n.)
at a ground
taureo
(n).0
noun-gen-sing
taurë (n.)
of a forest
13.0
I urco lerencë ravila.
The orc ran away, bellowing.
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urco
.1
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an orc
lerencë
verb-past-sing
lerca-/lerec- (vt.)
(one) fled
ravila
+act-adj-spos
act-adj-spos
rav- (vi.)
roaring
14.0
Marco lempë i urquo pirë.
Marco took the orc toe.
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
lempë
(v).0
verb-past-sing
lep- (vt.)
(one) took [with fingers]
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urquo
.1
+
pirë
(n)
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a toe
15.0
Ralles cöattanna, tá amilya maquentë: <Massë i töa?>
He came back to the house, and his mother asked him “Where is the wood?”
ralles
verb-past-s3-short
ral- (vt.)
he/she/it returned
cöattanna
.0
poss-d3-all-sing
cöa (n.)
to their (both) house
tá
(av)
base
= (av.)
then
amilya
poss-s3-nom-sing
amil (n.)
his/her/its mother
maquentë
.0
verb-past-sing
ma·quet- (vt.)
(one) asked
massë
(av)
base
= (av.)
where
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
töa
(n)
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
wood (as material)
16.0
Issë hanquentë: <Nánë lilómeä i tauressë, únen cenë aldar.>
He said: “It was too dark in the forest, I could not see the trees.”
issë
(pn)isse.0
pron-emph-nom
= (pn.)
he
hanquentë
.1
verb-past-sing
han·quet- (vt.)
(one) responded
nánë
+verb-past-sing
verb-past-sing
ná- (vt.)
(one) was
lilómeä
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
very dark
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
tauressë
.0
noun-loc-sing
taurë (n.)
at a forest
únen
.1
verb-past-s1-short
ui- (vt.)
I did not
cenë
+
aldar
noun-nom-plur
alda (n.)
trees
17.0
I amil nainanë: <Iþil silomë síla calima!
His mother cried: “The moon shines bright tonight!
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
amil
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a mother
nainanë
.0
verb-past-sing
naina- (vt.)
(one) lamented
iþil
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a Moon
silomë
(av)
base
= (av.)
tonight
síla
verb-pres-sing
sil- (vt.)
(one) is shining (white)
calima
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
bright
18.0
Cé hendityat óla quolina, ar si umbë nin, pan mauratyë hendu máleo tauressë itan nauvatyë varna i urcullo.>
Maybe your eyes are going bad, and I worry, for you need good eyes to stay safe from the orc in the forest.”
cé
(av)
base
= (av.)
may (be)
hendityat
?
óla
ola.0
verb-pres-sing
ola- (vt.)
(one) is becoming
quolina
+
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
si
(pn):1
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
this
umbë
(n).3
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a fear
nin
(pn)
pron-norm-dat
ni (pn.)
for me
pan
.1
base
= (cj.)
because
mauratyë
.0+verb-aor2-s2t-long
verb-aor2-s2t-long
maura- (vt.)
you (pal) need
hendu
noun-nom-dual
hen/hend- (n.)
both eyes
máleo
(n)
noun-gen-sing
málë (n.)
of a good health
tauressë
.0
noun-loc-sing
taurë (n.)
at a forest
itan
(cj).1
base
= (cj.)
in order to
nauvatyë
naa
verb-futu-s2t-long
ná- (vt.)
you (pal) will be
varna
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
safe
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urcullo
.1
+
19.0
Epta Marco quentë: <Lelyuvan i minassenna ar cestauvan aþaro.>
Then Marco said: “I will travel to the city and ask a doctor.”
epta
(cj).1
base
= (cj.)
thereupon
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
quentë
.0
verb-past-sing
quet- (vt.)
(one) said
lelyuvan
:1.2
verb-futu-s1-short
lelya-¹/lely- (v.)
I will travel
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
minassenna
.1
noun-all-sing
minassë (n.)
to a city (with a citadel…)
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
cestauvan
:2
verb-futu-s1-short
cesta-² (vt.)
I will ask
aþaro
azar:1.0
noun-gen-sing
aþar¹ (n.)
of a doctor
20.0
Arinessë, Marco lendë minassenna ar iquiryanë arcandenen cenë aran.
In the morning, Marco went to the city and asked an audience with the king.
arinessë
noun-loc-sing
arin (n.)
at a morning
marco
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mark
lendë
(v)lelya.0
verb-past-sing
lelya-¹/lely- (v.)
(one) went
minassenna
.1
noun-all-sing
minassë (n.)
to a city (with a citadel…)
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
iquiryanë
.1
verb-past-sing
iquirya- (vt.)
(one) requested
arcandenen
noun-ins-sing
arcandë (n.)
with a petition
cenë
.0+verb-bare
verb-bare
cen- (vt.)
to see
aran
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king
21.0
Apantaila i urquo pirë i aranna, quentes: <Elépiën si i urcullo ahtariën.
Showing the toe to the king, he said: “I have taken this in vengeance from the orc.
apantaila
.2+act-adj-spos
act-adj-spos
apanta-/apant- (vt.)
showing
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urquo
.1
+
pirë
(n)
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a toe
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
aranna
noun-all-sing
aran (n.)
to a king
quentes
.0
verb-past-s3-short
quet- (vt.)
he/she/it said
elépiën
.0
verb-perf-s1-short
lep- (vt.)
I have taken [with fingers]
si
(pn):1
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
this
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urcullo
.1
+
ahtariën
(v).3
ger-noun-dat-sing
ahtar- (vt.)
for avenging
22.0
Mana antauvalyë nin oveällo, ve evestaniëlyë?>
What will you give me in kind, as you have promised?”
mana
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
what
antauvalyë
.0
verb-futu-s2v-long
anta- (v.)
you (sir) will give
nin
(pn)
pron-norm-dat
ni (pn.)
for me
oveällo
(aj)ovea:0.0+nadj-abl-sing
nadj-abl-sing
oveä (aj.)
from a (con) similar one
ve
(pp).1
base
= (pp.)
like
evestaniëlyë
:1.0
verb-perf-s2v-long
vesta-¹ (vt.)
you (sir) have sworn (to do…)
23.0
I aran quentë: <Equétiën i antauvan imya o imni yan tulyal, mal vá antaitanya lyen pirenya.
The king spoke: “I have said I would give my own in kind for what you bring, but I will not give you my toe.
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
aran
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king
quentë
.1
verb-past-sing
quet- (vt.)
(one) spoke
equétiën
.0
verb-perf-s1-short
quet- (vt.)
I have said
i
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
that
antauvan
.0
verb-futu-s1-short
anta- (v.)
I will give
imya
.0+nadj-nom-sing
nadj-nom-sing
= (aj.)
a same one
o
(pp)
base
= (pp.)
from
imni
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
myself
yan
(pn).1
pron-norm-dat
ya (pn.)
for that (relative pronoun)
tulyal
verb-aor2-s2v-short
tulya- (vt.)
you (sir) lead
mal
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
but
vá
(av).0
base
= (av.)
will not
antaitanya
.0
inf-s1-o_nil
anta- (v.)
me giving
lyen
pron-norm-dat
lye (pn.)
for you
pirenya
poss-s1-nom-sing
pirë (n.)
my toe
24.0
Quíta céla nalyë ohtar, san antanyë lyen máma min.
If you were a soldier, I would give you one sheep.
quíta
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
if
céla
base
= (av.)
maybe not
nalyë
+verb-aor2-s2v-long
verb-aor2-s2v-long
ná- (vt.)
you (sir) are
ohtar
(n)ohtar
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a warrior
san
(cj).0
base
= (cj.)
then
antanyë
(v).0
verb-aor2-s1-long
anta- (v.)
I give
lyen
pron-norm-dat
lye (pn.)
for you
máma
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a sheep
min
(cd)
base
= (cd.)
one
25.0
Quíta roquen, yacinyë sicil.
If you were a knight, I would offer you a dagger.
quíta
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
if
roquen
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a knight
yacinyë
.0
verb-aor2-s1-long
yac- (vt.)
I offer
sicil
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a dagger
26.0
Quíta cundo, liltë min ó seldenya.
If you were a prince, one dance with my daughter.
28.0
Minomë, antauvanyë lyen ya tupë pirenya: saipot aluo ó tancalli calarusto.
Instead, I will give you what is on my toe: a pair of leather boots with copper clasps.
minomë
.0
base
= (av.)
instead
antauvanyë
.0
verb-futu-s1-long
anta- (v.)
I will give
lyen
pron-norm-dat
lye (pn.)
for you
ya
.1
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
that (relative pronoun)
tupë
+verb-aor1-sing
verb-aor1-sing
tup- (vt.)
(one) covers
pirenya
poss-s1-nom-sing
pirë (n.)
my toe
saipot
noun-nom-dual
saipo (n.)
both boots
aluo
noun-gen-sing
alu (n.)
of (dressed) leather
ó
base
= (pp.)
with
tancalli
.1
noun-nom-part
tancal (n.)
some clasps
calarusto
*
29.0
Ettë márë telcontiën, ar ecë lyen cenë imlë ve ohtar araniënyo.>
They are good for marching, and you may consider yourself a soldier of my realm.”
ettë
(pn):1
pron-emph-nom
= (pn.)
they
márë
(aj).0
adj-ppos
mára (aj.)
good
telcontiën
ger-noun-dat-sing
telconta-/telcont- (vt.)
for striding
ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and
ecë
.0+verb-aor1-sing
verb-aor1-sing
ec- (vn.)
(one) has a chance of
lyen
pron-norm-dat
lye (pn.)
for you
cenë
.0+verb-bare
verb-bare
cen- (vt.)
to see
imlë
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
yourself
ve
(pp).0
base
= (pp.)
as
ohtar
(n)ohtar
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a warrior
araniënyo
poss-s1-gen-sing
aranië (n.)
of my kingdom
30.0
Opo Marco nanewénië mar, quentes amilyan: <Uiën hirë aþaro, mal hirnen ma ya hepuva talinyat ná laucar.>
After Marco returned home, he told his mother: “I did not find a doctor, but I found something to keep my feet warm.”
opo
.2
base
= (pp.)
after (of time)
marco
+
nanewénië
.0
verb-perf-sing
nan·wen- (vt.)
(one) has returned
mar
(av)
base
= (av.)
homewards
quentes
.2
verb-past-s3-short
quet- (vt.)
he/she/it told
amilyan
poss-s3-dat-sing
amil (n.)
for his/her/its mother
uiën
.0+verb-perf-s1-short
verb-perf-s1-short
ui- (vt.)
I not have done
hirë
+verb-bare
verb-bare
hir- (vt.)
to find
aþaro
azar:1.0
noun-gen-sing
aþar¹ (n.)
of a doctor
mal
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
but
hirnen
verb-past-s1-short
hir- (vt.)
I found
ma
(pn).0
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
something
ya
.1
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
that (relative pronoun)
hepuva
verb-futu-sing
hep- (vt.)
(one) will keep
talinyat
?
ná
(v)+verb-aor1-sing
verb-aor1-sing
= (vt.)
(one) is
laucar
nadj-nom-plur
lauca (aj.)
warm ones
31.0
Amilya hanquentë: <Manen lauca talu varyauvar tye i urcullo?>
His mother replied: “How will warm feet keep you safe from the orc?”
amilya
poss-s3-nom-sing
amil (n.)
his/her/its mother
hanquentë
.1
verb-past-sing
han·quet- (vt.)
(one) responded
manen
(av)
base
= (av.)
how
lauca
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
warm
talu
noun-nom-dual
tál/tal- (n.)
both feet
varyauvar
verb-futu-plur
varya- (vt.)
(they) will protect
tye
:1
pron-norm-nom
= (pn.)
you
i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the
urcullo
.1
+
—generated by quettali version 0.31.61