Parallel text

Text: Chapter 5

Word-aligned text for review or study.

Each word-block has the following lines:
- the Quenya word in tengwar
- the Quenya word in romanized/latinized transcription
- the lexical annotation, if any
- the matched inflection rule that produced the form
- the lemma for the form (link to its paradigm page)
- the translation of the form, from the lemma gloss

If the form is ambiguous, some lines will be missing or show different information. Special values for the translation are:
- * = lemma not unique
- + = lemma unique, but multiple rules match
- ? = the lexical annotation leaves no match

Hovering over a word block will given the full explanation of the rule-tag listed in the block for brevity. Clicking on a Quenya word in the text, or a word block (other than on the lemma link), will blink the corresponding text word and/or word block.

1.0         
Halla nér túlë i osto andonna ó raxarya.
A tall man [male] came to the city’s gate (or the gate of the city) with his wagon.


halla
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
tall


nér
(n).0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a man


túlë
tul
verb-past-sing
tul- (vi.)
(one) came


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


osto
osto.3+noun-gen-sing
noun-gen-sing
= (n.)
of a city


andonna
.0
noun-all-sing
ando (n.)
to a gate


ó

base
= (pp.)
with


raxarya
.1
poss-s3-nom-sing
raxa (n.)
his/her/its wagon

2.0          
Man tára nu i ando ango?” i hesto quentë.
“Who is standing under the gate of iron” the captain said.


man
man


*


tára
(v)tar
verb-pres-sing
tar- (vt.)
(one) is standing


nu
.0
base
= (pp.)
under


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


ando
(n)ando.0+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a gate


ango
anga
noun-gen-sing
anga (n.)
of iron


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


hesto
hesto+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a captain


quentë
.0
verb-past-sing
quet- (vt.)
(one) said

3.0          
Nányë indyo i arano ar essenya Micoi nér quentë.
“I am [the] grandson of the king and my name [is] Mico” the man [male] said.


nányë



?


indyo
indyo.2+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a grandson


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


arano

noun-gen-sing
aran (n.)
of a king


ar
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
and


essenya

poss-s1-nom-sing
essë (n.)
my name


mico
+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
Mico


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nér
(n).0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a man


quentë
.0
verb-past-sing
quet- (vt.)
(one) said

4.0        
Á yalë i aran!” i hesto quentë.
“Call the king!” the captain said.


á
(pt)
base
= (pt.)
imperative particle


yalë
+verb-bare
verb-bare
yal- (vt.)
to summon


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aran

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


hesto
hesto+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a captain


quentë
.0
verb-past-sing
quet- (vt.)
(one) said

5.0      
I hesto ortanë macilya tyelpëo.
The captain raised his/her sword of silver.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


hesto
hesto+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a captain


ortanë
.0
verb-past-sing
orta-¹ (vt.)
(one) raised


macilya
.0
poss-s3-nom-sing
macil (n.)
his/her/its sword


tyelpeo



?

6.0        
Aran i ardo tirnë i atani mindonyallo.
[The] king of the realm watched the men from his tower.


aran

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


ardo
.1
noun-gen-sing
arda (n.)
of a realm


tirnë
(v).0
verb-past-sing
tir- (vt.)
(one) watched (over)


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


atani

noun-nom-plur
atan (n.)
Men


mindonyallo
mindon
poss-s3-abl-sing
mindon (n.)
from his/her/its (lofty) tower


8.0      
Hendinyat tírat i orco atta.
My (pair of) eyes are watching the two orcs.


hendinyat



?


tírat
.0+verb-pres-d3-short
verb-pres-d3-short
tir- (vt.)
they both are watching (over)


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


orco
:1.0+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an Orc


atta
(cd)
base
= (cd.)
two

9.0       
I nauco fanga ninquë yo þinda.
The dwarf’s beard [is] both white and grey.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nauco
(n)nauco+noun-gen-sing
noun-gen-sing
= (n.)
of a dwarf


fanga

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a beard


ninquë
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
white


yo
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
both ... and


þinda
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
grey

10.0       
Þúlerya autëa peu i atano lenca.
His/her breath is leaving the man’s [human’s] lips slow[ly].


þúlerya



?


auteä
:1.2
verb-pres-sing
auta-¹/aut- (v.)
(one) is leaving


peu
.0
noun-nom-dual
(n.)
both lips


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


atano

noun-gen-sing
atan (n.)
of a Man


lenca
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
slow

11.0      
I hínat samit laurëa findë.
The pair of children have golden hair.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


hínat



?


samit
+verb-aor2-d3-short
verb-aor2-d3-short
sam- (vt.)
they both have


laureä
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
golden (of hue)


findë
(n):1.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a hair (especially of the…)

12.0       
I elda nustanë i níþima hwesta.
The elf smelled the fragrant breeze.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


elda

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an elf


nustanë



?


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


níþima
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
fragrant


hwesta
(n)
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a breeze

13.0     
Hlarin hlón i tauressë.
I hear a noise in the forest.


hlarin
(v)
verb-aor2-s1-short
hlar- (vt.)
I hear


hlón
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a noise


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


tauressë
.0
noun-loc-sing
taurë (n.)
at a forest


15.0      
Ma hlarelyat lastat i arano quettain?
Do your ears listen to the king’s words?


ma
(av)
base
= (av.)
interrogative particle


hlarelyat



?


lastat
+verb-aor2-d3-short
verb-aor2-d3-short
lasta- (vt.)
they both listen


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


arano

noun-gen-sing
aran (n.)
of a king


quettain

noun-dat-plur
quetta (n.)
for words

16.0      
I aiwet lirnet i aldassë.
The pair of birds sang in the tree.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aiwet

noun-nom-dual
aiwë (n.)
both (small) birds


lirnet
+verb-past-d3-short
verb-past-d3-short
lir- (vt.)
they both sang


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aldassë

noun-loc-sing
alda (n.)
at a tree

17.0     
Lambarya tyávë sára quëa.
His tongue tasted a bitter vegetable.


lambarya

poss-s3-nom-sing
lamba (n.)
his/her/its physical tongue


tyávë
(v)
verb-past-sing
tyav- (vt.)
(one) tasted


sára
(aj):2+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
bitter


queä

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a vegetable

18.0       
Aiwi vilir or nór yo ëar.
Birds fly above both land and sea.


aiwi

noun-nom-plur
aiwë (n.)
(small) birds


vilir
.0
verb-aor2-plur
vil- (vi.)
(they) fly


or

base
= (pp.)
above


nór

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a land


yo
(cj)
base
= (cj.)
both ... and


eär
(n)ear:2.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a sea

19.0         
I perian mantë lissë orva ar' i aldu.
The halfling ate a sweet apple beside the pair of trees.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


perian
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a Halfling


mantë
(v)
verb-past-sing
mat- (vt.)
(one) ate


lissë
(aj)+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
sweet


orva

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an apple


ar'



?


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aldu

noun-nom-dual
alda (n.)
both trees

20.0    
Nustan saura orco.
I smell a stinking orc.


nustan
.0
verb-aor2-s1-short
nusta-/nust- (vt.)
I smell [something]


saura



?


orco
:1.0+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an Orc


22.0      
I perian álëa matta liëryan.
The halfling is growing food for his/her people.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


perian
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a Halfling


áleä
:1.1
verb-pres-sing
ala-¹ (v.)
(one) is growing


matta

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a food


liëryan
.0
poss-s3-dat-sing
lië (n.)
for his/her/its people

23.0      
I nettë cirnë salquë ataryan.
The girl cut grass for her father.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nettë
(n).0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a (little) girl


cirnë

verb-past-sing
cir- (vt.)
(one) cut


salquë
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a grass


ataryan

poss-s3-dat-sing
atar (n.)
for his/her/its father

24.0      
I erdi tuianer úrenen Anaro.
The seeds sprouted in [by means of] the heat of the Sun.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


erdi
:2.0
noun-nom-plur
erdë² (n.)
seeds


tuianer



?


úrenen
uure
noun-ins-sing
úrë/úrë- (n.)
with heat


anaro



?

25.0       
I nís tiruva hínali i naucoin.
The woman will watch (some) children for the dwarves.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nís

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a woman


tiruva
.0
verb-futu-sing
tir- (vt.)
(one) will watch (over)


hínali



?


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


naucoin

noun-dat-plur
nauco (n.)
for dwarves

26.0      
I hesto quentë i aranen.
The captain spoke to the king.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


hesto
hesto+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a captain


quentë
.1
verb-past-sing
quet- (vt.)
(one) spoke


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aranen

noun-dat-sing
aran (n.)
for a king

27.0    
Lóti márë nin (nár).
Flowers (are) good to me = I like flowers.


lóti
.0
noun-nom-plur
lótë (n.)
flowers


márë
(aj).0
adj-ppos
mára (aj.)
good


nin
(pn)
pron-norm-dat
ni (pn.)
for me


nár
(v)+verb-aor2-plur
verb-aor2-plur
ná- (vt.)
(they) are


29.0      
I naucor sapir malta aranintan.
The dwarves dig gold for their king.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


naucor

noun-nom-plur
nauco (n.)
dwarves


sapir

verb-aor2-plur
sap- (vt.)
(they) dig


malta
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
gold (metal)


aranintan



?

30.0    
Lóti lostar auressë.
Flowers bloom in daytime.


lóti
.0
noun-nom-plur
lótë (n.)
flowers


lostar

verb-aor2-plur
losta- (vi.)
(they) bloom


auressë
.0
noun-loc-sing
aurë (n.)
at a day (as opposed to night)

31.0    
Tarwa mára olvain ().
A garden [is] good for plants.


tarwa
(n)tarwa
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a garden


mára
(aj).0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
good


olvain
.1
noun-dat-plur
olva (n.)
for plants



(v)+verb-aor1-sing
verb-aor1-sing
= (vt.)
(one) is

32.0       
I eldar antaner macilli i atanin.
The elves gave some swords to the men.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


eldar

noun-nom-plur
elda (n.)
elves


antaner
.0
verb-past-plur
anta- (v.)
(they) gave


macilli
.0
noun-nom-part
macil (n.)
some swords


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


atanin

noun-dat-plur
atan (n.)
for Men

33.0     
Alda aluva i restassë.
A tree will grow in the field.


alda

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a tree


aluva
ala:1.1
verb-futu-sing
ala-¹ (v.)
(one) will grow


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


restassë
(n)resta.0
noun-loc-sing
resta (n.)
at a sown field

34.0       
I nér maxanë mat i perianden.
The man [male] cooked a meal for the halfling.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nér
(n).0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a man


maxanë

verb-past-sing
maxa-/max- (vt.)
(one) cooked


mat
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a meal


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


perianden
.0
noun-dat-sing
perian/periand- (n.)
for a Halfling


36.0     
Acápiën minna i sírë.
I have jumped into the river.


acápiën
cap.1
verb-perf-s1-short
cap- (vt.)
I have jumped


minna
(pp)minna
base
= (pp.)
into


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


sírë

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a river

37.0      
I cirya ulútië i londessë.
The ship has floated in the harbour.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


cirya
:1.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a (sharp-prowed) ship


ulútië
.0
verb-perf-sing
lut- (vt.)
(one) has floated


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


londessë
londe:2
noun-loc-sing
londë² (n.)
at a (land-locked) haven

38.0     
I aran orortanië macilya.
The king has raised his sword.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aran

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king


orortanië



?


macilya
.0
poss-s3-nom-sing
macil (n.)
his/her/its sword

39.0      
I sírë ecélië i orontello.
The river has flowed from the mountain.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


sírë

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a river


ecélië



?


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


orontello
oron
noun-abl-sing
oron/oront- (n.)
from a mountain

40.0      
I nauco ihílië i atan.
The dwarf has followed the man.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nauco
(n)nauco+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a dwarf


ihílië



?


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


atan

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a Man

41.0      
I cöa atalantië i lómessë.
The house has collapsed in the night.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


cöa
.0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a house


atalantië
(v).2
verb-perf-sing
talta-/talat- (vi.)
(one) has fallen


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


lómessë
.0
noun-loc-sing
lómë (n.)
at a night


43.0      
I elda onórië i taurenna.
The elf has run to the forest.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


elda

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an elf


onórië
.0
verb-perf-sing
nor- (vi.)
(one) has run


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


taurenna
.0
noun-all-sing
taurë (n.)
to a forest

44.0      
I seldo inírië i nettë.
The boy has pushed the girl.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


seldo
(n)seldo.1+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a boy


inírië

verb-perf-sing
nir- (vt.)
(one) has pressed


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nettë
(n).0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a (little) girl

45.0      
I atan apátië i ostonna.
The man has walked to the city.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


atan

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a Man


apátië
pata
verb-perf-sing
pata- (vt.)
(one) has walked


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


ostonna
.3
noun-all-sing
osto (n.)
to a city

46.0    
Alantiës i tarwassë.
He/she has fallen in the garden.


alantiës
.0


?


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


tarwassë
(n).0
noun-loc-sing
tarwa (n.)
at a garden

47.0      
I nér orórië i arinessë.
The man [male] has risen in the morning.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nér
(n).0
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a man


orórië

verb-perf-sing
orta-²/ort- (vi.)
(one) has risen


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


arinessë

noun-loc-sing
arin (n.)
at a morning

48.0      
I hesto ahyaltië i nyellë.
The captain has struck the bell.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


hesto
hesto+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a captain


ahyaltië



?


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nyellë
(n)
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a small bell


50.0    
I nauco ui halla
The dwarf is not tall.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


nauco
(n)nauco+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a dwarf


ui
(v).2+verb-aor1-sing
verb-aor1-sing
= (vt.)
(one) is not


halla
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
tall

51.0   
Únen verya.
I was not brave.


únen
.2
verb-past-s1-short
ui- (vt.)
I was not


verya
(aj).1+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
brave

52.0       
I atani uir laituva i aran.
The men will not praise the king.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


atani

noun-nom-plur
atan (n.)
Men


uir
+verb-aor2-plur
verb-aor2-plur
ui- (vt.)
(they) not do


laituva
.0
verb-futu-sing
laita-/lait- (vt.)
(one) will praise


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aran

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king

53.0      
Áva menë i ostonna síra.
Do not go to the city today.


áva
(pt).0
base
= (pt.)
don’t


menë
.0+verb-bare
verb-bare
men- (vi.)
to go


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


ostonna
.3
noun-all-sing
osto (n.)
to a city


síra
(av).0
base
= (av.)
today

54.0     
Ván! Ván menuva i ostonna.
I won’t! I will not go to the city.


ván
(ct)
base
= (ct.)
I won't


ván
(ct)
base
= (ct.)
I won't


menuva
men.0
verb-futu-sing
men- (vi.)
(one) will go


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


ostonna
.3
noun-all-sing
osto (n.)
to a city

55.0        
I aran váquentë i voronda hesto auta.
The king forbade the loyal captain to leave.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aran

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king


váquentë
.1
verb-past-sing
vá·quet- (vt.)
(one) forbade


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


voronda
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
faithful


hesto
hesto+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a captain


auta
(v)auta:1.2+verb-bare
verb-bare
= (v.)
to leave


57.0     
I orco ui vanima.
The orc is not beautiful.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


orco
:1.0+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
an Orc


ui
(v).2+verb-aor1-sing
verb-aor1-sing
= (vt.)
(one) is not


vanima
(aj).0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
beautiful

58.0       
Áva verya i raxë i rottossë.
Do not dare the danger in the cave.


áva
(pt).0
base
= (pt.)
don’t


verya
(v):2+verb-bare
verb-bare
= (vi.)
to dare


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


raxë

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a danger


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


rottossë
.2
noun-loc-sing
rotto (n.)
at a cave

59.0     
Ván! Ván caruva ulca nat.
I won’t! I will not do an evil thing.


ván
(ct)
base
= (ct.)
I won't


ván
(ct)
base
= (ct.)
I won't


caruva
car.0
verb-futu-sing
car- (vt.)
(one) will do


ulca
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
evil


nat

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a thing

60.0     
I aran únë manë.
The king was not good [moral].


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


aran

noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a king


únë
(v).2
verb-past-sing
ui- (vt.)
(one) was not


manë
+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
good (moral, not evil)

61.0     
I seldo oluva maira.
The boy will become admirable.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


seldo
(n)seldo.1+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a boy


oluva
ola.0
verb-futu-sing
ola- (vt.)
(one) will become


maira
.0+adj-spos
adj-spos
= (aj.)
admirable

62.0       
I seldo aptanë menë i ostonna.
The boy refused to go to the city.


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


seldo
(n)seldo.1+noun-nom-sing
noun-nom-sing
= (n.)
a boy


aptanë
.0
verb-past-sing
apta- (vt.)
(one) refused


menë
.0+verb-bare
verb-bare
men- (vi.)
to go


i
(ar)
base
= (ar.)
the


ostonna
.3
noun-all-sing
osto (n.)
to a city

—generated by quettali version 0.31.61